W.J. Rutherford, Dean of Agriculture, demonstrating "Sturdy Rose," the champion mare of R.H. Miller at the Lumsden Agricultural Exhibition. Crowds of people; two horse-drawn buggies in foreground; buildings in background.

Bio/Historical Note: In 1910 the Saskatchewan Department of Agriculture turned over to the University the responsibility for the development and delivery of agricultural and women's extension programs throughout the Province. To fulfill this mandate, the Department of Agricultural Extension (1910) and Women's Work (1913) were established within the College of Agriculture. Initially the activities of Agricultural Extension focused on services to the Agricultural Societies--short courses, institutes (meetings and conferences), plowing matches, field crop contests, stock judging, etc. Starting during the war years, a Better Farming Train toured the province providing lectures and demonstrations and presenting exhibits on matters pertaining to agriculture. In 1915 "educational holidays" or camps were initiated for farm boys and girls and in 1918 4-H clubs were formed throughout Saskatchewan. Farm and Home Week, a period of exhibits, lectures, and demonstrations at the University, was introduced in the early 1930s. Special projects and programmes for rural women were offered through Homemakers Clubs, established in 1911. In addition to basic domestic activities, women received advice and instruction in fruit growing, tree planting, home nursing, water supply and purity, libraries, health and welfare services, etc. Adult Education services, begun in 1938 in response to forces for social reconstruction, consisted in part of groups formed to discuss planning, economics, cooperatives, government institutions and policies, international affairs, trade unions, etc. This was a logical expansion of the variety of information (bulletins, leaflets), informal (lectures, demonstrations), public (testing, analyses), professional (training), and cultural (drama, music) services, as well as a variety of services to governments at all levels. In 1949 the work of Agricultural Extension and Women's Work were combined in the Department of Extension. It remained a department in the College of Agriculture until 1963 when administrative responsibility was transferred to the Office of the President and renamed the Extension Division. Since the 1970s non-degree programs were offered in the areas of agriculture and horticulture, women, business, languages, indigenous people, community development, liberal studies, arts, seniors, science and technology, career development, and adult education. The name changed again in 1979 to Division of Extension and Community Relations. It was changed back to Extension Division in 1990. The Extension Division was disestablished on 1 July 2007, and replaced with three new departments.

International Harvester Corporation Mogul engine driving a separator and blowing straw into the University (Main) Barn.

Students Judging a class of draft horses; Livestock Pavilion and Rutherford Rink in background.

Bio/Historical Note: By 1910, 19 horses had been purchased by the College of Agriculture that were good work horses or suitable for student class work. Two were purebred Clydesdales. Three light horses were also purchased. One named Barney was used in the morning to deliver milk to faculty in Nutana and in the afternoon on the buggy as Dean Rutherford made his farm rounds. In 1920 the Province asked the Animal Husbandry Department to establish a Clydesdale breeding stud. This led to development of an outstanding collection of prize winning horses that became a focus of the Department. In the 1920s the Percheron and Belgian breeders also demanded support for their breeds and so they were included in the university stud and some cross breeding was undertaken. The campus horses were used for field work for all Departments, general hauling and site work for new buildings. An unofficial use was for the Lady Godiva ride across campus each fall. By the 1940s it was clear that the era of horses as a main source of farm power was over. The final stallion used in the breeding program was the imported "Windlaw Proprietor," grand champion stallion at the 1946 Royal Winter Fair.

A Clydesdale stallion, Hiawatha, with cropped tail, four white legs and white face. Man at left holding bridle in yard with a stone fence in background.

Bio/Historical Note: By 1910, 19 horses had been purchased by the College of Agriculture that were good work horses or suitable for student class work. Two were purebred Clydesdales. Three light horses were also purchased. One named Barney was used in the morning to deliver milk to faculty in Nutana and in the afternoon on the buggy as Dean Rutherford made his farm rounds. In 1920 the Province asked the Animal Husbandry Department to establish a Clydesdale breeding stud. This led to development of an outstanding collection of prize winning horses that became a focus of the Department. In the 1920s the Percheron and Belgian breeders also demanded support for their breeds and so they were included in the university stud and some cross breeding was undertaken. The campus horses were used for field work for all Departments, general hauling and site work for new buildings. An unofficial use was for the Lady Godiva ride across campus each fall. By the 1940s it was clear that the era of horses as a main source of farm power was over. The final stallion used in the breeding program was the imported "Windlaw Proprietor," grand champion stallion at the 1946 Royal Winter Fair.

Four Clydesdale mares hitched to a wagon, pulling 8300 pounds of Sweet Clover seed in bags. Engineering and Field Husbandry buildings in background.

Bio/Historical Note: By 1910, 19 horses had been purchased by the College of Agriculture that were good work horses or suitable for student class work. Two were purebred Clydesdales. Three light horses were also purchased. One named Barney was used in the morning to deliver milk to faculty in Nutana and in the afternoon on the buggy as Dean Rutherford made his farm rounds. In 1920 the Province asked the Animal Husbandry Department to establish a Clydesdale breeding stud. This led to development of an outstanding collection of prize winning horses that became a focus of the Department. In the 1920s the Percheron and Belgian breeders also demanded support for their breeds and so they were included in the university stud and some cross breeding was undertaken. The campus horses were used for field work for all Departments, general hauling and site work for new buildings. An unofficial use was for the Lady Godiva ride across campus each fall. By the 1940s it was clear that the era of horses as a main source of farm power was over. The final stallion used in the breeding program was the imported "Windlaw Proprietor," grand champion stallion at the 1946 Royal Winter Fair.

A "Bennett Buggy" travelling on Wiggins Avenue in Saskatoon. College Building) in background at left, Qu'Appelle Hall at right.

Bio/Historical Note: This image is one of the most requested photos in the University Archives. It was taken by an unknown photographer in about 1935. A 'Bennett Buggy' was a term used in Canada during the Great Depression to describe a car which had its engine and windows taken out and was pulled by a horse. In the United States, such vehicles were known as Hoover carts, named after then-President Herbert Hoover. The Canadian term was named after Richard Bennett, the Prime Minister of Canada from 1930 to 1935, who was blamed for the nation's poverty. Cars being pulled by horses became a common sight during the Depression. During the boom years of the 1920s, many Canadians had bought cheap vehicles for the first time, but during the Depression, many found they did not have enough money to operate them. This was especially true in the hard-hit prairie provinces. The increased poverty played an important role, as farmers could not buy gasoline. The price of gas also increased. Gas taxes were also one of the best sources of revenue for the provincial governments. When these provinces went into a deficit, they increased these taxes, making gas even harder to buy. In Saskatchewan, badly hit by the depression, similar vehicles with an additional seat over the front axle were dubbed "Anderson carts" after Premier James T.M. Anderson.

Part of Main Barn with horses, cattle and a crowd.

Bio/Historical Note: The University Barn or Main Barn was designed by Brown and Vallance and built between 1910-1912.

Club members and men surrounding dairy cattle and horses at Regina, Saskatchewan; barns in background.

Club members learning the finer points of judging horses at [University of Saskatchewan]; building in background.

Mare and foal standing in a yard, four men standing around them near Lampman, Saskatchewan.

Man loading sunflowers onto horse-drawn wagon in wide open field. (Annotated).

Several horses are seen in a field near Fort Walsh, Saskatchewan; one is laying down as the others stand and graze.

Returned men operating a tractor with a separator, threshing straw into the Main Barn.