Ice-lake stage flat hills. 1. Moraine landscape. 2. Ice surface. 3. Ice-lake with icebergs. A. Moraine B. Ice. C. Ice-lake clay. Source: Atlas of Denmark.

Icelandic geologists at Thingvellir where the Althing (oldest European parliament) convened from its foundation in 930 A.D. until 1798. From left to right: Einarsson, Kjartansson, Thorarinsson, Tryggvason, Sigurdur the interpreter. August 8, 1960.

Ice-pushed ridges near Claybank, Sask.

Ice-shove deformation. Dirt Hills, Saskatchewan. Folded Bearpaw to the left thrust over Whitemud to the right. Dumped material on the top. Person in the picture - Earl Christiansen?

Ice-shove deformation. Dirt Hills, Saskatchewan. Folded Bearpaw to the left thrust over Whitemud to the right. Dumped material on the top. Local, minor folding in Bearpaw beds overlying Whitemud to right.

Ice-shove deformation. Dirt Hills, Saskatchewan. Tilted Whitemud. Person in picture, Earl Christiansen?

Ice-shove deformation. Dirt Hills, Saskatchewan.

Ice-thrust folds in Upper Cretaceous Edmonton formation, 5 miles east of Edmonton near junction of highways 14X and 16.

Ice-thrust structures in bedrock (Belly River fm.), S and W of Lloydminster, Alta.

Ice-thrusting in Ravenscrag beds causing over-thrusting and miniature nappe structures. West of Halbrite, Sask. May, 1962.

Idealised diagram to show the origin of some of the more common glacial landforms.

Imbricate structures in conglomerate. Diagram showing prominent imbrication of platy fragments along the top of a gravel layer in Pennsylvanian Wamsutta clastics near Attleboro, eastern Massachusetts. It is to be noted that the bases of the gravel layers are relatively even because the first pebbles to be rolled in place traveled over the smooth surfaces made by the underlying sand. Flat pebbles like those showing conspicuous imbrication can be rolled along the bottom easily if turned so as to behave as upright disks in the current. When they fall over, they are likely to assume an imbricate relationship: for this is the most stable under conditions of strong bottom currents. Shrock, 1948, p. 255.

Inca fitted stone wall showing offset due to earthquake, Machu Picchu.